Which term describes the judicial power granted to independent regulatory agencies?

The term that describes the judicial power granted to independent regulatory agencies is "quasi-judicial." This designation indicates that these agencies have the authority to make decisions and rulings similar to those of courts, although they do not possess the full powers of a judicial body. Quasi-judicial powers allow these agencies to conduct hearings, issue fines, enforce regulations, and adjudicate disputes related to their specific areas of oversight.

For instance, a regulatory agency might hear cases involving compliance with safety standards or environmental regulations and can impose penalties or require corrective actions. This capacity ensures that there is a process for resolving conflicts and enforcing laws effectively within the regulatory framework, while still being distinct from the judicial system.

The other terms, while related to various aspects of regulatory functions, do not capture the specific blend of judicial authority and regulatory oversight that characterizes independent regulatory agencies. "Adjudicative" is too broad and generally refers to the process of resolving disputes but does not convey the specific context of regulatory agencies. "Enforcement" primarily refers to the action taken to ensure compliance with laws or regulations, rather than the judicial aspect. "Regulatory" is a general term describing the nature of the agencies themselves, but it doesn't specifically address their judicial powers